Hong Kong Calculators

Rate of Return Calculator

From the initial value, final value and income received, compute the total rate of return (ROR) and profit/loss of an investment.

輸入資料

The amount invested at the start.
HK$
The value now or at sale.
HK$
Dividends, interest or rent received during the holding period (0 if none).
HK$

計算結果

Total return over the whole holding period.
35%
Total profit or loss in money terms.
HK$35,000

重點速覽:The Rate of Return (ROR) measures how much an investment earned as a percentage over the whole holding period. It combines two parts of return: the capital gain from price movement (final value minus initial investment) and the cash income received during the holding period (such as dividends, bond coupon or property rent). Adding both gives the total profit/loss, then dividing by the initial investment gives the total rate of return. Unlike looking at price change alone, the ROR includes dividends and rent, giving a fuller picture of real performance, so Hong Kong investors commonly use it to assess stocks, funds, bonds or tenanted property. Note it ignores the holding period — for fair comparison across horizons, convert to the annualised compound return (CAGR).

計算公式

Total profit/loss = (final value − initial investment) + income received.

Total rate of return = total profit/loss ÷ initial investment × 100%.

$$\text{總盈虧} = (V_{\text{end}} - V_{\text{begin}}) + \text{收入}$$
$$\text{總回報率} = \dfrac{\text{總盈虧}}{V_{\text{begin}}} \times 100\%$$

使用說明

  1. Enter the initial investment amount.
  2. Enter the final value and the income received during the holding period (dividends, interest, rent, etc.).
  3. The total rate of return and total profit/loss show instantly.

期初投入 HK$100,000,在不同期末價值與期間收入下的總盈虧與總回報率

期初投入 HK$100,000,在不同期末價值與期間收入下的總盈虧與總回報率
期末價值期間收入總盈虧總回報率
HK$130,000HK$5,000HK$35,00035.00%
HK$120,000HK$0HK$20,00020.00%
HK$95,000HK$3,000−HK$2,000−2.00%
HK$150,000HK$10,000HK$60,00060.00%

理財情境案例

案例一:連股息計算股票回報

陳先生以 HK$50,000 買入某港股,一年後股價升值使持股價值達 HK$58,000,期間收取股息 HK$2,000。

資本增值為 58,000 − 50,000 = HK$8,000,加上股息 HK$2,000,總盈虧為 HK$10,000。總回報率 = 10,000 ÷ 50,000 = 20%。若只看股價,回報僅 16%;計入股息後才是完整的 20%,可見忽略現金收入會低估真實回報。

案例二:帳面虧損的負回報

王女士以 HK$200,000 買入一隻基金,一年後價值跌至 HK$180,000,期間沒有任何派息。

總盈虧為 180,000 − 200,000 = −HK$20,000,總回報率 = −20,000 ÷ 200,000 = −10%。負回報如實反映了這段期間的虧損。若她打算長線持有,可留意的是本指標只計單一期間,不代表最終結果;但作為當下的表現檢視,−10% 已清楚說明需要重新審視這項投資。

常見問題

回報率與 CAGR 有何分別?

本計算器計算的是整段持有期的總回報率,不考慮持有時間長短;若要換算成每年的年化複合回報,請使用 CAGR 計算器。

為何要計入期間收入?

股票的股息、債券的利息、物業的租金都是投資回報的一部分。只看價格升跌會低估實際回報,因此把期間收入一併計入才能反映真實表現。

回報率是正數就代表跑贏了嗎?

不一定。名義回報率為正,只代表帳面錢多了;能否「跑贏」還要扣除通脹與資金成本。以香港近年通脹約 2%–3% 為例,一項總回報率 3% 的投資,實際購買力幾乎沒有增長。若這筆錢原本可放定存收 4%,那 3% 回報其實還輸給無風險選擇。判斷是否值博,應把回報率與通脹、定存利率或借貸成本一併比較。

持有時間不同,可以直接比較回報率嗎?

不可以。本計算器算的是整段持有期的總回報率,不理會時間長短。一項 3 年賺 30% 的投資,和一項 10 年賺 30% 的投資,總回報率相同但吸引力天差地遠。要公平比較不同年期的投資,應把總回報換算成年化複合回報 (CAGR),才不會被長年期「攤薄」的假象誤導。

回報率可以是負數嗎?

可以。當期末價值加上期間收入仍低於期初投入時,總盈虧為負,回報率便是負數,代表出現虧損。例如期初投入 HK$200,000、期末價值 HK$180,000 且沒有任何收入,總盈虧為 −HK$20,000,回報率為 −10%。負回報是投資的正常風險之一,計算時務必如實反映而非只計賺錢的情況。

相關工具

參考資料

Reviewed by the Hong Kong Calculator finance team. Calculation logic and formulas follow the personal finance guidance of the Hong Kong Monetary Authority (HKMA) and the Investor and Financial Education Council (IFEC). Results are for reference only; please refer to the relevant authorities for the latest figures.

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