Physics Calculators (Page 30)
Velocity, mechanics, energy, electricity and physics tools.
Wheel and Axle Calculator
Enter the load, wheel radius and axle radius to compute the effort and mechanical advantage. W=100N, R=0.5m, r=0.1m → MA=5, F=20N.
Wedge Calculator
Enter load, wedge length and thickness to get the effort, mechanical advantage MA=L/t and wedge angle θ=2·arctan(t/2L). Axe L=0.2, t=0.05 → MA=4; knife L=0.05, t=0.002 → MA=25.
Vector Projection Calculator
Enter two 3D vectors to compute the projection of a onto b. a=(3,4,0), b=(1,0,0) → scalar projection=3, vector projection=(3,0,0).
Scalar Triple Product Calculator
Enter three 3-D vectors to compute the scalar triple product a·(b×c), equal to the signed volume of the parallelepiped they span. a=(1,0,0), b=(0,1,0), c=(0,0,1) → 1 (unit cube).
Average Velocity Calculator
Compute average velocity and average speed from displacement and time.
Simple Pendulum Period Calculator
Find the period T=2π√(L/g) of a simple pendulum. L=1 m → T≈2.01 s; frequency f=1/T≈0.498 Hz. Valid for small angles (<15°).
Surface Tension Calculator
Enter force and contact length to compute surface tension, plus capillary rise. Water at 20°C γ≈0.0728 N/m.
Total Internal Reflection Calculator
Enter two refractive indices and the incidence angle to compute the critical angle θc=arcsin(n₂/n₁) and whether total internal reflection occurs. Glass n₁=1.5 to air n₂=1.0 → θc=41.8°; at 45° it fully reflects.
Gravitational Potential Energy (Two Bodies) Calculator
Compute U = −Gm₁m₂/r between two masses.
Binding Energy Calculator
Compute rest energy E = mc² of a mass (mass-energy equivalence).
Speed of Sound Calculator
Enter medium bulk modulus and density (or temperature, gas γ, R, M) to compute the speed of sound. Water K=2.2e9, ρ=1000 → c≈1483 m/s; air 20°C → c≈343 m/s.
Mach Angle Calculator
Enter flow speed and sound speed to compute the Mach number and the Mach angle μ = arcsin(1/M) of a supersonic cone.