Physics Calculators (Page 3)
Velocity, mechanics, energy, electricity and physics tools.
Stokes Settling Velocity Calculator
Enter the particle diameter d, the particle and fluid densities and the dynamic viscosity μ to compute the terminal settling velocity from v_s = g·d²·(ρp−ρf)/(18μ).
Water Hammer Calculator
Enter fluid density, pressure-wave speed and velocity change to compute the water-hammer pressure rise Δp=ρaΔv and head Δh. ρ=1000, a=1200, Δv=2 → Δp=2.4 MPa (~245 m head).
Rectangular Weir Calculator
Enter discharge coefficient, crest width and head to compute flow Q=(2/3)Cd·b·√(2g)·H^1.5. Cd=0.62, b=1 m, H=0.3 m → Q≈0.301 m³/s (301 L/s).
Triangular (V-Notch) Weir Calculator
Enter the discharge coefficient Cd, notch angle θ and head H to compute the flow of a triangular (V-notch) weir from Q = (8/15)·Cd·tan(θ/2)·√(2g)·H^(5/2).
Seepage Velocity Calculator
Enter hydraulic conductivity, hydraulic gradient and effective porosity to compute seepage velocity v=K·i/n. K=1e-5, i=0.01, n=0.3 → v=3.33e-7 m/s. Groundwater actually moves far slower than Darcy flux.
Specific Force Calculator
Enter unit discharge q and depth y to compute specific force M=q²/(gy)+y²/2 (rectangular channel, per unit width). q=2, y=1 → M≈0.908 m³/m. Core to hydraulic jumps and conjugate depths.
Swamee-Jain Friction Factor Calculator
Enter pipe roughness ε, diameter D and Reynolds number Re to compute the Darcy friction factor from the explicit Swamee-Jain formula, avoiding iterative Colebrook solving.
Minor Loss Calculator
Enter the loss coefficient and flow velocity to compute the minor (local) head loss in a pipe fitting.
Pump Hydraulic Power Calculator
Enter fluid density, flow rate and head to compute the hydraulic power P = ρ·g·Q·H required by a pump.
Shallow-Water Wave Celerity Calculator
Enter water depth y to compute the propagation speed of shallow-water (long) gravity waves from c=√(g·y), the basis of open-channel flow regimes and the Froude number.
Drag Force Calculator
Enter drag coefficient Cd, fluid density ρ, frontal area A and relative velocity v to compute the fluid drag force Fd = ½·Cd·ρ·A·v².
Terminal Velocity Calculator
Find terminal velocity v=√(2mg/(ρ·A·Cd)). Enter mass, gravity, air density, area and drag coefficient. Skydiver (~80 kg) ≈ 55 m/s.